Research Article
Assessing Coal Mine Gas Impacts on Workers at Yayo Conventional Underground Coal Mine, Oromia, Ethiopia
Ephrem Tilahun*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2025
Pages:
69-77
Received:
23 May 2025
Accepted:
26 June 2025
Published:
28 July 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijepp.20251304.11
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Abstract: Underground coal mining presents significant health and safety challenges, primarily due to the accumulation and emission of hazardous gases. This study investigates the occurrence, impact, and control of such gases at the Yayo Underground Coal Mine, located in the Illubabor Zone of the Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The Yayo mine, being one of the few operational underground coal mines in the country, provides a relevant case for assessing gas-related risks and developing appropriate safety strategies in Ethiopia. Field investigations, interviews, and review of operational records revealed the presence of four major hazardous gases: methane (CH₄), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). These gases are released from coal seams, equipment operations, and decomposition of organic matter, and pose serious risks including fire and explosion, oxygen displacement, and respiratory illnesses. The study found that some areas of the mine experience gas concentrations that approach or exceed acceptable exposure limits, endangering both miners' health and mine product. The assessment also highlighted several limitations in the current mitigation measures at Yayo, including inadequate ventilation systems, the absence of real-time gas monitoring devices, limited use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and lack of worker training. These deficiencies significantly increase the risk of gas-related accidents and long-term health effects. To improve safety, the study recommends the implementation of modern mechanical ventilation systems, deployment of portable and fixed gas detectors, and mandatory use of self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) in high-risk zones. Furthermore, it advocates for enhanced government regulation, periodic safety audits, and structured training programs for mine workers.
Abstract: Underground coal mining presents significant health and safety challenges, primarily due to the accumulation and emission of hazardous gases. This study investigates the occurrence, impact, and control of such gases at the Yayo Underground Coal Mine, located in the Illubabor Zone of the Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The Yayo mine, being one of the few o...
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