Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon

Séverin Mbog Mbog; Gareth Zo’obo Engolo; Bill Vaneck Bot; Julbert Ndi Wamba; Dieudonné Bitondo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon

Séverin Mbog Mbog, Gareth Zo’obo Engolo, Bill Vaneck Bot, Julbert Ndi Wamba, Dieudonné Bitondo

Published in International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 10, Issue 6)

Received: 20 November 2022 Accepted: 15 December 2022 Published: 13 January 2023

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Abstract

Civil engineering projects have many impacts in environment sustainability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the human consequences of civil engineering building activities on the natural habitats of gorillas and chimps in the Deng Deng National Park, in particular, and Cameroon in general. An indirect census based on single-pass nest counts was used to estimate ape density at Deng Deng National Park. Data were collected at the various field trips during 3 months. The line transect was the most efficient and reliable census method. It has been used in many studies concerning the estimation of ape population density. This method consisted of making observations along the centre line of the transect. The principle was based on the assumption that the probability of detecting a nest decreases. The identification of consequences entailed listing all important environmental components that were likely to be affected. According to the study's findings, the number of nid sites and population density of great crested newts rose in the Deng Deng National Park to 80 sites, 391 nids, and 0.80 ind/km2. The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam has had significant ripple effects on the distribution of great apes in general and particularly on the density of chimps. The study finds that, despite habitat fragmentation, the population of large singes has increased significantly in the Deng Deng National Park.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 10, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12
Page(s)	146-153
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Environment, Animals, Fauna, Impact, Hydroelectric Construction

References

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[3]	HACKER, J., COWLISHAW, G., WILLIAMS, P., (1998). Patterns of African primate diversity and their evaluation for the selection of conservation areas. Biological Conservation 84: P. 251-262.
[4]	BUCKLAND, S. T., ANDERSON, D. R., BURNHAM, K. P., LAAKE, J. L. (1993). Distance Sampling. Estimating abundance of biological populations. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
[5]	GRANDJEAN J. P. et LINO M., (2017). Projet de rapport final d’Etude Environnementale du barrage de Lom Pangar. Annalyse des impacts et proposition de mesures compensatoires en vue de l’installation des equipements et des cités de chantier en rive droite du Lom. Rev. 01. P. 95.
[6]	WALSH, P. D. AND WHITE, L. J. T. (1999). What will it take to monitor forest elephant populations? Conservation Biology 13: 1194–1202.
[7]	KÜHL, HJALMAR; (2008). Best practice guidelines for the surveys and monitoring of great ape populations, 36., IUCN.
[8]	BURNHAM, K. P., ANDERSON, D. R., LAAKE, J. L., (1980). Estimation of density from line transect sampling of biological populations. P. 72: 202.
[9]	WHITE, L. J. T. AND EDWARDS, A. (eds.) (2000). Conservation Research in the African Rain Forests: A Technical Handbook. Wildlife Conservation Society, New York.
[10]	FRUTH, B. AND HOHMANN, G. (1993). Ecological and behavioral aspects of nest building in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus). Ethology 94: 113–126.
[11]	BRUGIÈRE, D. AND SAKOM, D. (2001). Population density and nesting, behaviour of lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in the Ngotto forest, Central African Republic. Journal of Zoology 255: 251–259.
[12]	Léopold, L. B, (1971). A procedure for evaluating environmental impact.
[13]	ADONG, R. (2005). The current procedures and policies dominating the disbursement of aid: Are they building strong relationships and enabling NGOs to meet their stated aims. Research report funded by ESCOR and DIFD, UK.
[14]	INKAMBA- NKULU, C. (2002) Suivi des bais et identification de l’éléphant de foret (Loxodonta africana cyclotis Matschie 1900) dans le Parc National de Nouabalé-Ndoki. Rapport Annuel 2001–2002. Unpublished report, WCS-Congo, Bomassa, Congo-Brazzaville.
[15]	MAISELS, F., EKOUTOUBA, D.-D., ABEGUO, R., MBOULAFINI, M., MAHMADU, M. & MOBOLOMBI, G. (2002) A forest lake in northern Republic of Congo: a window on forest elephant conservation. (Abstract). Pp A86-A87, in: Programme & Abstracts, British Ecological Society/ Society for Conservation Biology, Canterbury, U.K.
[16]	FOTSO, (2020). Distribution and Conservation Status of Gorilla Population in the Forests around BELABO, Eastern Province Cameroon. p. 84.
[17]	DILLER et al, (2020). A rapid appraisal survey of Gbébé, Bertoua Division, East Province SIL International.

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Séverin Mbog Mbog, Gareth Zo’obo Engolo, Bill Vaneck Bot, Julbert Ndi Wamba, Dieudonné Bitondo. (2023). Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 10(6), 146-153. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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ACS Style

Séverin Mbog Mbog; Gareth Zo’obo Engolo; Bill Vaneck Bot; Julbert Ndi Wamba; Dieudonné Bitondo. Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2023, 10(6), 146-153. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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AMA Style

Séverin Mbog Mbog, Gareth Zo’obo Engolo, Bill Vaneck Bot, Julbert Ndi Wamba, Dieudonné Bitondo. Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2023;10(6):146-153. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12,
  author = {Séverin Mbog Mbog and Gareth Zo’obo Engolo and Bill Vaneck Bot and Julbert Ndi Wamba and Dieudonné Bitondo},
  title = {Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
  volume = {10},
  number = {6},
  pages = {146-153},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20221006.12},
  abstract = {Civil engineering projects have many impacts in environment sustainability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the human consequences of civil engineering building activities on the natural habitats of gorillas and chimps in the Deng Deng National Park, in particular, and Cameroon in general. An indirect census based on single-pass nest counts was used to estimate ape density at Deng Deng National Park. Data were collected at the various field trips during 3 months. The line transect was the most efficient and reliable census method. It has been used in many studies concerning the estimation of ape population density. This method consisted of making observations along the centre line of the transect. The principle was based on the assumption that the probability of detecting a nest decreases. The identification of consequences entailed listing all important environmental components that were likely to be affected. According to the study's findings, the number of nid sites and population density of great crested newts rose in the Deng Deng National Park to 80 sites, 391 nids, and 0.80 ind/km2. The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam has had significant ripple effects on the distribution of great apes in general and particularly on the density of chimps. The study finds that, despite habitat fragmentation, the population of large singes has increased significantly in the Deng Deng National Park.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon
AU - Séverin Mbog Mbog
AU - Gareth Zo’obo Engolo
AU - Bill Vaneck Bot
AU - Julbert Ndi Wamba
AU - Dieudonné Bitondo
Y1 - 2023/01/13
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12
T2 - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JF - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JO - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
SP - 146
EP - 153
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-7536
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12
AB - Civil engineering projects have many impacts in environment sustainability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the human consequences of civil engineering building activities on the natural habitats of gorillas and chimps in the Deng Deng National Park, in particular, and Cameroon in general. An indirect census based on single-pass nest counts was used to estimate ape density at Deng Deng National Park. Data were collected at the various field trips during 3 months. The line transect was the most efficient and reliable census method. It has been used in many studies concerning the estimation of ape population density. This method consisted of making observations along the centre line of the transect. The principle was based on the assumption that the probability of detecting a nest decreases. The identification of consequences entailed listing all important environmental components that were likely to be affected. According to the study's findings, the number of nid sites and population density of great crested newts rose in the Deng Deng National Park to 80 sites, 391 nids, and 0.80 ind/km2. The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam has had significant ripple effects on the distribution of great apes in general and particularly on the density of chimps. The study finds that, despite habitat fragmentation, the population of large singes has increased significantly in the Deng Deng National Park.
VL - 10
IS - 6
ER -

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Author Information

Séverin Mbog Mbog

Department of Quality, Health, Safety and Industrial Environment Engineering, Higher National Polytechnic School, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Gareth Zo’obo Engolo

Laboratory of Energy, Materials, Modelling and Methods, Doctorate School of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Bill Vaneck Bot

Laboratory of Energy, Materials, Modelling and Methods, Doctorate School of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Julbert Ndi Wamba

Laboratory of Energy, Materials, Modelling and Methods, Doctorate School of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Dieudonné Bitondo

Department of Quality, Health, Safety and Industrial Environment Engineering, Higher National Polytechnic School, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

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APA Style

Séverin Mbog Mbog, Gareth Zo’obo Engolo, Bill Vaneck Bot, Julbert Ndi Wamba, Dieudonné Bitondo. (2023). Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 10(6), 146-153. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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ACS Style

Séverin Mbog Mbog; Gareth Zo’obo Engolo; Bill Vaneck Bot; Julbert Ndi Wamba; Dieudonné Bitondo. Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2023, 10(6), 146-153. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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AMA Style

Séverin Mbog Mbog, Gareth Zo’obo Engolo, Bill Vaneck Bot, Julbert Ndi Wamba, Dieudonné Bitondo. Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2023;10(6):146-153. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12,
  author = {Séverin Mbog Mbog and Gareth Zo’obo Engolo and Bill Vaneck Bot and Julbert Ndi Wamba and Dieudonné Bitondo},
  title = {Environmental Impact Assessment of Civil Engineering Project on the Distribution of Gorillas and Chimpanzees in Deng Deng National Park Cameroon},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
  volume = {10},
  number = {6},
  pages = {146-153},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20221006.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20221006.12},
  abstract = {Civil engineering projects have many impacts in environment sustainability. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the human consequences of civil engineering building activities on the natural habitats of gorillas and chimps in the Deng Deng National Park, in particular, and Cameroon in general. An indirect census based on single-pass nest counts was used to estimate ape density at Deng Deng National Park. Data were collected at the various field trips during 3 months. The line transect was the most efficient and reliable census method. It has been used in many studies concerning the estimation of ape population density. This method consisted of making observations along the centre line of the transect. The principle was based on the assumption that the probability of detecting a nest decreases. The identification of consequences entailed listing all important environmental components that were likely to be affected. According to the study's findings, the number of nid sites and population density of great crested newts rose in the Deng Deng National Park to 80 sites, 391 nids, and 0.80 ind/km2. The Lom Pangar hydroelectric dam has had significant ripple effects on the distribution of great apes in general and particularly on the density of chimps. The study finds that, despite habitat fragmentation, the population of large singes has increased significantly in the Deng Deng National Park.},
 year = {2023}
}

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